Following the UN Secretary-General's request to IOM and UNHCR to co-lead the regional inter-agency response, the Office of the Director General’s Special Envoy for the Regional Response to the Venezuela Situation (OSE) was established in 2019 to coordinate IOM's response to the situation in Venezuela. In the same year, Dr Eduardo Stein was appointed by the Director General of IOM and the High Commissioner of UNHCR as the UNHCR-IOM Joint Special Representative for Refugees and Migrants from Venezuela.